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بررسی میزان درک دانشجومعلمان ابتدایی از ماهیت علم در ساختار شباهت خانوادگی و ارائه راهکار برای ارتقاء آن | ||
مطالعات آموزشی و آموزشگاهی | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 42، خرداد 1404، صفحه 135-151 اصل مقاله (500.24 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48310/pma.2025.16501.4457 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محدثه نگهبان1؛ فاطمه احمدی کلاته احمد* 2؛ محمد رضا امام جمعه3؛ علیرضا عصاره4؛ مسعود کبیری5 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران | ||
2دانشیار گروه فیزیک، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران | ||
3دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران | ||
4استاد گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران | ||
5استادیار، عضو هیئتعلمی پژوهشگاه مطالعات آموزش و پرورش، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
پیشینه و اهداف: یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر سواد علمی، درک ماهیت علم است. دیدگاه معلمان نسبت به ماهیت علم نقش کلیدی در نحوه آموزش علوم دارد. هدف این پژوهش، ارزیابی سطح درک دانشجومعلمان رشته آموزش ابتدایی از ماهیت علم و ارائه راهکار جهت ارتقا سطح آنها است. روشها: پژوهش حاضر از منظر هدف، کاربردی و با توجه به ماهیت دادهها از نوع آمیخته (کمی-کیفی) است. در بخش کمی با روش نمونهگیری خوشهای، نمونهای به حجم 340 نفر از جامعه آماری دانشجومعلمان ابتدایی انتخاب گردید و برای ارزیابی سطح درک ماهیت علم آنها از پرسشنامه رویکرد شباهت خانوادگی کایا و همکاران (2018)، استفاده شد. در بخش کیفی، به منظور شناسایی راهکارها، دادهها با استفاده از روش سنتزپژوهی جمعآوری شدند. جامعه آماری در این بخش، کلیه مقالات 5 سال اخیر در زمینه آموزش ماهیت علم بود که از بین آنها 22 مقاله با هدف طراحی برنامۀ آموزشی برای معلمان، به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. در کدگذاری دادهها، از الگوی شش مرحلهای روبرتس استفاده شده است. یافتهها: در بخش اول پژوهش، نتایج نشان داد که دانشجومعلمان درک کافی از مؤلفههای ماهیت علم نداشتند. در بخش دوم، عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آموزش ماهیت علم شناسایی شدند که از آنها میتوان به درک اصولی مفاهیم پایه، ارتباط بین نظریه و عمل، استفاده از رویکردهای بین رشتهای، سازنده گرایی، استم، مبتنی بر فناوری و روش تدریس های خلاق و پرسش و پاسخ اشاره کرد. نتیجهگیری ضروری است، این راهکارهای آموزشی در برنامه درسی تربیت معلم و دوره های ضمن خدمت معلمان اعمال و اجرا شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
"ماهیت علم"؛ "رویکرد شباهت خانوادگی"؛ "دانشجومعلمان"؛ "آموزش علوم"؛ "تربیت معلم" | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Investigating the Level of Understanding of Elementary Pre-Service Teachers About the Nature of Science Based on the Family Resemblance Approach and Providing Strategies for Its Improvement | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
mohadese negahban1؛ fatema ahmadi2؛ mohamadreza emamjomeh3؛ alireza assareh4؛ Masoud Kabiri5 | ||
1PhD Student, Department of Educational Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
2Associate Prof, Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
3Associate Prof, Department of Educational Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
4Professor of Department of Educational Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | ||
5Assistant Prof, Organization for Educational Research and Planning, Tehran, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
The aim of this research is to assess the level of understanding of elementary pre-service teachers about the nature of science and to provide strategies to enhance their understanding. This study is practical from the point of view of the objectives, and according to the nature of the data, it is of a mixed type (quantitative-qualitative). In the quantitative section, a sample of 340 elementary pre-service teachers was selected using convenience sampling, and to assess their understanding of the nature of science was used the Family Resemblance Approach questionnaire by Kaya. In the qualitative section, data were collected using a synthesis research method to identify strategies. The statistical population for this section included all articles from the last five years on the education of the nature of science, from which 22 articles aimed at designing an educational program. In the first part of the research, the results indicated that student teachers lacked sufficient understanding of the components of the nature of science. In the second part, factors influencing the teaching were identified, including the understanding of fundamental concepts, the relationship between theory and practice, the use of interdisciplinary approaches, constructivism, STEM education, technology-based methods, and creative teaching and questioning techniques. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
"Nature of science", "Family resemblance approach", "Elementary pre-service teachers", "Science education", "teacher training" | ||
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